Codsiga hore ee ultrasound ee biochemistry waa in lagu burburiyo derbiga unugga ultrasound si loo sii daayo waxa ku jira.Daraasadihii xigay waxay muujiyeen in ultrasound-ka hooseeya uu kor u qaadi karo habka falcelinta biochemical.Tusaale ahaan, shucaaca ultrasonic ee saldhigga nafaqada dareeraha ah wuxuu kordhin karaa heerka koritaanka unugyada algal, sidaas darteed kordhinta qadarka borotiinka ee ay soo saaraan unugyadaas saddex jeer.

Marka la barbar dhigo cufnaanta tamarta ee burburka xumbo cavitation, cufnaanta tamarta ee garoonka dhawaaqa ultrasonic ayaa la balaariyay by trillions jeer, taasoo keentay in diirada weyn ee tamarta;ifafaale Sonochemical iyo sonoluminescence ay sababto heerkulka sare iyo cadaadiska ay soo saaraan xumbo cavitation waa noocyo gaar ah oo tamar iyo wax isdhaafsiga ee sonochemistry.Sidaa darteed, ultrasound wuxuu door muhiim ah ka ciyaaraa soo saarista kiimikada, wax soo saarka biodiesel, synthesis organic, daaweynta microbial, xaalufinta sunta wasakhowga organic, xawaaraha falcelinta kiimikada iyo dhalidda, hufnaanta catalytic ee kicinta, daaweynta biodegradation, ka hortagga miisaanka ultrasonic iyo ka saarista, burburinta unugyada noolaha. , kala firidhsan iyo agglomeration, iyo falcelinta sonochemical.

1. falcelinta kiimikada la xoojiyay ultrasonic.

Ultrasound oo kor loo qaaday falcelinta kiimikada.Awoodda ugu weyn ee wadista waa ultrasonic cavitation.Burburka xumbo xumbo waxay soo saartaa heerkulka sare ee maxalliga ah, cadaadis sare iyo saameyn xoog leh iyo micro jet, kaas oo bixiya jawi cusub oo gaar ah oo jireed iyo kiimiko oo loogu talagalay falcelinta kiimikaad ee adag ama aan suurtagal ahayn in lagu gaaro xaaladaha caadiga ah.

2. Dareen-celinta catalytic Ultrasonic.

Sida goob cilmi baaris cusub, falcelinta catalytic ultrasonic ayaa soo jiidatay xiiso badan oo dheeraad ah.Saamaynta ugu weyn ee ultrasound ee falcelinta catalytic waa:

(1) Heerkulka sare iyo cadaadiska sare waxay ku habboon yihiin dildilaaca falcelinta ee xag-jirrada xorta ah iyo kaarboonka kala duwan, samaynta noocyada falcelinta firfircoon ee firfircoon;

(2) Mawjada Shock iyo micro jet waxay leeyihiin saameyn nadiifin iyo nadiifin dusha adag (sida kicinta), kaas oo ka saari kara alaabta falcelinta dusha sare ama dhexdhexaadiyeyaasha iyo lakabka passivation dusha sare ee kicinta;

(3) Mawjada naxdinta leh ayaa laga yaabaa inay burburiso qaab-dhismeedka falcelinta

(4) Nidaamka falcelinta ee kala firdhiyey;

(5) Cavitation Ultrasonic wuxuu baabi'iyaa dusha birta, iyo mawjada shoogga waxay keentaa qallafsanaanta birta birta iyo samaynta aagga cidhiidhiga ah ee gudaha, taas oo hagaajinaysa dhaqdhaqaaqa falcelinta kiimikada ee birta;

6) Kor u qaadida dareeraha si uu u dhex galo adag si uu u soo saaro waxa loogu yeero falcelinta ka mid noqoshada;

(7) Si loo hagaajiyo kala firidhsan ee kicinta, ultrasonic waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa diyaarinta kicinta.Shucaaca Ultrasonic wuxuu kordhin karaa aagga dusha sare ee kicinta, ka dhigi qaybaha firfircoon ee si siman u kala firdhiya oo kor u qaadaya dhaqdhaqaaqa catalytic.

3. Kiimikada polymer Ultrasonic

Codsiga kimistari polymer togan ultrasonic ayaa soo jiidatay fiiro gaar ah.Daawaynta Ultrasonic waxay hoos u dhigi kartaa makromolecules, gaar ahaan polymers-ka culeyska kelliyada sare.Cellulose, jelatin, caag iyo borotiinka waxaa hoos u dhigi kara daaweynta ultrasonic.Waqtigan xaadirka ah, waxaa guud ahaan la rumeysan yahay in habka wax-ka-qabashada ultrasonic ay sabab u tahay saameynta xoogga iyo cadaadiska sare marka xumbo cavitation dillaaco, iyo qaybta kale ee hoos u dhaca ayaa laga yaabaa inay sabab u tahay saameynta kulaylka.Xaaladaha qaarkood, ultrasound-ka awoodda ayaa sidoo kale bilaabi kara polymerization.Xakamaynta ultrasound Strong waxay bilaabi kartaa copolymerization ee khamriga polyvinyl iyo acrylonitrile si ay u diyaariyaan copolymers block, iyo copolymerization of polyvinyl acetate iyo polyetylen oxide si ay u sameeyaan copolymers tallaalka.

4. Tiknoolajiyada cusub ee falcelinta kiimikada oo lagu xoojiyay beerta ultrasonic

Isku darka tignoolajiyada cusub ee falcelinta kiimikada iyo kor u qaadida beerta ultrasonic waa jihada kale ee horumarinta iman kara berrinka kiimikada ultrasonic.Tusaale ahaan, dareeraha supercritical waxaa loo isticmaalaa sida dhexdhexaad ah, iyo beerta ultrasonic waxaa loo isticmaalaa si loo xoojiyo falcelinta catalytic.Tusaale ahaan, dareeraha sare wuxuu leeyahay cufnaanta la mid ah dareeraha iyo viscosity iyo fiyuusyada isku-dhafka ah oo la mid ah gaaska, taas oo ka dhigaysa kala diristeeda mid u dhigma dareeraha iyo awooddeeda wareejinta tirada badan oo u dhiganta gaaska.Deactivation ee kicinta heterogeneous waxaa lagu wanaajin karaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo milanka wanaagsan iyo guryaha faafin ee dheecaanka supercritical, laakiin waxa shaki la'aan waa jeexjeexay on keega haddii beerta ultrasonic waxaa loo isticmaali karaa si loo xoojiyo.Hirarka shoogga iyo jet-yar-yar oo ay dhaliso cavitation ultrasonic ma aha oo kaliya inay si weyn u wanaajiso dareeraha supercritical si ay u milaan walxaha qaar ee keena kicinta kicinta, waxay ciyaaraan doorka nadiifinta iyo nadiifinta, iyo sii kicinta firfircoonida muddo dheer, laakiin sidoo kale waxay ciyaaraan doorka kicinta, kaas oo kala firdhi kara habka falcelinta, oo ka dhigi karta heerka wareejinta tirada badan ee falcelinta kiimikada dareeraha ah ee heer sare ah.Intaa waxaa dheer, heerkulka sare iyo cadaadiska sare ee barta maxaliga ah ee ay sameeyeen cavitation ultrasonic waxay noqon doontaa mid waxtar u leh dildilaaca reactants galay xagjirnimada xorta ah oo aad u dardargeliso heerka falcelinta.Waqtigan xaadirka ah, waxaa jira daraasado badan oo ku saabsan fal-celinta kiimikada ee dareeraha supercritical, laakiin daraasado yar oo ku saabsan kor u qaadida falcelinta noocan oo kale ah ee ultrasonic.

5. Codsiga ultrasonic-awood sare ee wax soo saarka biodiesel

Furaha diyaarinta biodiesel waa katalytic transesterification ee dufanka acid glyceride leh methanol iyo alkolada kale-yar ee carbon.Ultrasound waxay si cad u xoojin kartaa falcelinta transesterification, gaar ahaan nidaamyada falcelinta heterogeneous, waxay si weyn u wanaajin kartaa saameynta isku dhafka ah (emulsification) waxayna kor u qaadeysaa falcelinta xiriirinta unugyada tooska ah, sidaa darteed falcelinta asal ahaan loo baahan yahay in lagu fuliyo heerkulka sare (cadaadiska sare) xaaladaha waxaa lagu dhamayn karaa heerkulka qolka (ama u dhow heerkulka qolka), Oo soo gaabin wakhtiga falcelinta.Mawjada Ultrasonic looma isticmaalo oo keliya habka transesterification, laakiin sidoo kale in la kala saaro isku dhafka falcelinta.Cilmi-baarayaasha ka socda Jaamacadda Mississippi State University ee Maraykanka waxay isticmaaleen habka ultrasonic ee wax soo saarka biodiesel.Wax-soo-saarka biodiesel-ka ayaa kor u dhaafay 99% 5 daqiiqo gudahood, halka nidaamka fal-celinta dufcadda caadiga ah uu qaatay in ka badan 1 saac.